فضائل ماه مبارک رمضان – شب بیستم

دریافت فایل صوتی

Virtues of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) (Part 2)

📌 6. In our Holy Quran which is a Divinely revealed book, many verses mention the greatness of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s). Ayat Wilayat, Ayat Ulil Amr, Ayat Tableegh, Ayat Ikmaluddin are the more famous ones. In fact in the old and reliable books of the Ahle Sunnah, more than 250 verses have been listed in favour of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s). Hakim Haskaani a famous Sunni scholar of the 5th century has collected all these verses and we are fortunate that this book is available even today.
Some of the verses are not specifically about the Imamat of Ameerul Momeneen (as). Rather, they speak of his greatness and superiority. For instance, Ayat Tatheer speaks of his and his progeny’s infallibility; Ayat Mubahela mentions that he (a.s) is the “self of the Prophet (s.a.w.a). In fact according to Imam Reza (as) this is the greatest virtue of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s)

📌 7 Despite the Divine appointment (Nass) in Ghadeer concerning the Wilayat and Imamat of Ameerul Momeneen (as), the social conditions took such a drastic turn and the plotting at Saqifah had such an impact that by the time Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) completed the burial rituals of Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a), Abu Bakr had already usurped the caliphate and a majority of the people had given allegiance to him. Hence, Imam (as) did not take any steps to fulfill the will of Holy Prophet and the nass about his caliphate. Why?
He has given it’s reason in letter no 46 when he said, For the sake of the protection of religion and the Quran and the Prophethood of Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a) He feared that in this dispute (for caliphate) kufr would raise it’s head and Islam would disappear from the people. Hence, Hazrat did not seek his right which was officially announced in Ghadeer.

Another reason mentioned in traditions of masoomeen for Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) staying at home and not fighting for his right of caliphate is as mentioned by J Fatima Zehra (sa) when someone asked her the same question. She (a.s) replied, The example of the Imam is like that of the Kaaba. People have to go to it. It does not go to the people (Kifayatul Asaar, pg 199)
It means that people should approach the Imam. They should stand up for his right. If they are lazy and reluctant, then the responsibility of Imam (to pursue his right) ceases.

📌 8 For twenty five years during the reign of the first three caliphs, Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) did not protest or rebel for getting his right of caliphate that was clearly and firmly announced in Ghadeer. But in the rein of the third caliph when his excessive oppressions crossed all limits and people were fed up of him, the protestors – mainly from Egypt – attacked the caliph and killed him. Then these protestors gathered outside the house of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) and insisted that he (a.s) should accept the post of caliphate. The crowd was so huge and their insistence was so great that Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) has said in the Sermon of Shiqsiqayyah

…. If people had not come to me and supporters had not exhausted the argument and if there had been no pledge of Allah with the learned to the effect that they should not accept the gluttony of the oppressor and the hunger of the oppressed I would have cast the rope of Caliphate on its own shoulders, and would have given the last one the same treatment as to the first one
Then what were the three factors that compelled Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) to accept the caliphate when he had stayed away from it for 25 years?
(a) The crowd that had gathered outside his (a.s) house was so huge and restless that Hazrat feared for the lives of Imam Hasan & Imam Husain that they may get crushed by the force of the people. Thus, if this crowd would not have been so excessive and (b) if there was no pledge taken by Allah that if the supporters are present, then the right should be taken back, and (c) if there was no pledge taken by Allah from the Scholars that they would not rest while the oppressed remain hungry due to the atrocities of the oppressors – if these three causes were not there, then I would not have accepted the caliphate.
Hence, Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) after the killing of Usman and due to the insistence of the people and their allegiance, finally accepted the caliphate.

📌 However due to the internal rebellion and scheming of the saboteurs as well as the 3 battles, his task of ruling during the caliphate became very difficult.

The first group was of the naqeseen (covenant breakers) which included Ayesha – the wife of Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a) – as well as Talha and Zubair. These two companions of Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a) got a lot of privileges and benefits during the rein of the previous caliphs but Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) denied them those privileges due his (a.s) strict adherence to the principles of justice. They revolted against Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) and it led to the first battle famous as the Battle of Jamal.
The second battle was against the qaseteen (people of Siffin and the army of Damascus – a place ruled by Muawiya). The third battle was against the Khwarijis (army of Naharwan) who are also referred as the maareqen

Ibn Taimiyya – the brain and the intellectual founder of Wahabiyat says that these 3 battles were the personal battles of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s). But Allamah Amini in his priceless book Al-Ghadeer vol 3 has brought evidence to show that all the battles were prophecied by Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a).

Finally with the intent of taking revenge, Ibn Muljim Muraadi (may Allah curse him) who was a Khwariji entered the mosque of Kufa at the time of the morning prayers on the 19th of Mahe Ramazan with the intent of killing Ameerul Momeneen (a.s). He struck such a violent blow with his sword on the head of Ameerul Momeneen, that finally on the 21st of Mahe Ramazan, he (as) left this world to join Holy Prophet and his other ancestors.

At the time when Ibn Muljim (la) struck Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) on the head, Jibraeel lamented and he said, By Allah! The pillars of guidance have collapsed and the stars of the sky and the emblems of piety have been obscured,and the strong rope – by Allah – has been severed. The brother of the Prophet has been killed, the chosen one among the successors has been killed, Ali Ibn Murtaza has been killed. By Allah the Chief of the successors has been killed. The most accursed of the accursed ones has killed him. (Behaar 42/282)
This was the voice and grief of J Jibraeel echoed in the skies.

Under the verse of Surah Dukhan v 29 which says And the heavens and the earth did not weep upon them and nor were we among those who were given respite it has been narrated – even by Sunni scholars that – every pebble that was lifted on that day (of 21st Ramazan) had fresh blood underneath. Such a thing has also been narrated for the Day of Ashura. Our traditions have interpreted this as the crying of the earth. Just as the raining of blood from the skies is interpreted as the crying of the heavens.

Imam Hasan – along with a few chosen companions, and as per the will of his father (as) – buried him (as) at an undisclosed location. Thus, the place of burial of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) till the time of Imam Sadiq (as) was unknown to the people, except to a chosen few followers of Ahle Bait (as).

It was Imam Sadiq (as) who for the first time indicated the exact location of the burial of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s). Thus, some of our scholars – Sayed Ibn Taoos – have avoided giving a detailed account on the location of his (a.s) grave.

O Allah! For the sake of Ameerul Momeneen (a.s) – which is your Greatest Name – hasten the Zuhoor of Imam Zamana (as). And convey to him (as) our meagre and inadequate condolences on the martyrdom of his grandfather.